Improvement in manufacture of water-proof cement pipes



A. F. JALOUREAU. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING WATERPROOF OBMENT PIPES.

10.24.125 .Patentedmayzm 1859.

(f if NITED ASTATES PATENT Critica.,

.ALFRED FAUVINVJALOUREAU, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURE 0F WATER-PROOF CEMENT lPIPES.

Snecificationforming part of Letters Patent No. 211,12, dated May v24,1859.

erence being had to the accompanying draw'- ings making part of thisspecification. l

.The nature of my invention consists in forming pipes or tubes intendedas Water or gas pipes, tubes for` underground telegraph-4 Wires, dsc.,of a number of layers of` paper, cotton, ax, or other tissues, dzc.,lapped together,with bituminous or caoutchouc substance between eachlayer, so as to render'the Whole impermeable to air or water.

In .order to illustrate my process of manufacturingthese pipes, I willnoW,'in proceed-v ing to give the description of the operation,

refer to an apparatus proper for carrying .it into effect, and 'ofWhichy Figure l represents a ,vertical section.

The paper, tissue, or other suitable material intended to be 'used forforming the pipes or tubes has first 'to be Wound around avroller a,

made of Wood or metal, and which is arranged at one end of the machine.In commencing the operation the end of the roll of paper, dto., is to beconveyed along the inclined plane b to the cast-iron cylinder c, carebeing taken to maintain the paper in va parallel direction;

and as it is of the greatest importance, in or# der to obtainperfectwork, that the-paper should continue to wrap around evenly and regularly`throughout the operation, a horizontal guide-bar e, suspended by meansof two rods d, pivcted at their upper ends at f, is so arranged that bypushing it(the guidel bar) against the cylinder c the paper will becaused to be fed on the latter at right angles to its axis, so that thepaper will Wrap around evenly and with precision over the cylinder c, towhich a revolving motion is to be communicated by means of a crank' orany other suitable device.v The cylinder .c being plunged into a vesselg, containing caoutchouc or bituminous mastic, the paper will adhere tothe surface of the cylinder and after one revolution will be broughtround to the upper sidev of the latter, when an iron mandrel 'h is to beplaced over the cylinder c. This mandrel 'is iirst to be covered with apaper Wrapper t', Figs. 4 and 5, having been greased suftlclentl-y so asto facilitate its withdrawal at the end of the operation. Inputting onthis Wrapper o) it is very convenient to make use of a cone similar tothose used for drawing a lamp- Wick over a cylindrical tube. Ilooks laare then to be engaged with the axles of .theman- .drel, thel Wholelifted up to the required height by means of the lever Z, operated by achain mandadjusted in the bearing-boxes n in such manner as that themandrel h should press slightly against the cylinder c. The end orborder of the paper von the cylinder c has to be detached from itbymeans of any 4suitable instrument, in order to make it adhere to themandrel h, andthen, on a revolving motion being communicated to vthecyl-v inder c. and mandrel h in opposite directions, the paper will besubmerged'into the bit-uminous liquid before it Wraps aroundthe mandrelh. When thewhole roll of, paper has thus been Wound vup around themandrel 4 h, it (thev mandrel) is to be lifted up again from thebearing-boxes 'n .and placed on av table B, made of stone orbriclcaudvery smoothly .finished o n its upper surface, and then coveredover with a layer of very'lue sand. Two v'operatorstake hold of themandrel h by itsaxles and roll it up and down the table until the tubeacquires the proper cylindrical form land is covered with a suffi-'cient layer off-sand', when it is again replaced over avessel containingbituminous mastic, in.

order to giveit an outer coating; but as it is very desirable to-havesome easy and reli able means for regulating the thickness to be giventothe outer coating I have mounted on the axis of the cylinder c atoothed Wheel p, having some of its teeth cut out or re moved, as isshownin Fig 8.l This wheelis made tov mesh into the pinion o of themandrel h. At eachv revolutionofthe cylinder, when the toothless portionof Jdie wheel p comes in contactwith the pinion'o," the mandrel is madeto stop for a short time, so that the number of revolutions andthethickneus given to the coating may be easily ascertained. After asufficient. outer coating has been given, the mandrel .is again liftedup from the bear- A ing-boxes and subjected to another rolling on atable similar to B, in order that the outer are placed under a watershower arranged over the second table. After the last operation the ironmandrel h maybe withdrawn from the tube, for which purpose it is onlynecesl sary to place it in avertical position, whenv a slight knock willbe suiiicient to make the tubeslide oi the mandrel, the paper wrapper t'having been put on a mandrel previously greased.

In order to prevent the tube from coming out of shape, a wooden mandrelmay be introduced until thetube becomes perfectly dry. It is then onlynecessary to remove the inside paper wrapper i by means of a metallicbrush or othcrsuitable contrivenee, and line the inner-surface of thetube with a Waterproof coating, which can be readily effected by pouringinto the tube (one end of which havingpreviously been closed) moltenbituminous substance to about one-third or onehalf of its height. Byreversing the tube the liquid will pour out, leaving the whole innersurface covered with an impermeable coating.A

The different stages in the process of forming the tubes are shown inFigs. G, 7, and 9.

It may be here remarked that this process can be adapted not only toroll-paper, but also tc sheet-paper and all'fibrous substances,

as also to thin metallic sheets, as copper, zinc,l

proceeding with the whole operation as above described, whereby not onlyadditional strength and resistance will be imparted to the tubes, butthey Will also be protected from oxidation or other decay.

, The method adopted by me for connecting the tubes together isrepresented in Figs. 10, 11, and 12. Into the ends of two tubes to bejointed together is fitted a short pipe o', made of zinc or othersuitable metal, and which is provided with a number of arms s, which arebent, as shown in Fig. 10. The whole is then coveredl with a sleeve t,made in the same manner as the tubes from a composition of paper, die.,and bituminous cement, and finally molten .bituminous substance ispoured in through the hole at u,.which ills the whole space between thetubes and the sleeve t and constitutes a stron g, durable, andimpermeable connection.

For laying down and connecting main pipes of a great diameter I haveadoptedv another plan, as shown in Figs. 17 4and 18. It consists inarranging two sets of tubes the one in the other in such manner thateach of the join# ings of the inner tubes :c shall be covered over bythe sides of an outer one y. The tubes are made to iit sufficientlyclose each other, to leave but a small space between them. Vhen thewhole has` been properly adjusted, molten bitumen is poured in throughthe holes lu inthe outer tubesy, which, as it fills the whole space .ebetween the two sets of tubes, will on being solidified constitute animpermeable and durable cement. The tapping may be effected in thefollowing manner, Figs.' 13, 14, and 15: After boring a hole of suitablesize in the main tube for the reception of a short pipe, Fig. 14, madeQt' india-,rubber and-formed with flanges at both ends, which, wheninserted into Vthe. hole of the tube, will press against the inner andouter side of the tube, a suitable collar is then placed'over the ltubeand a faucet screwed tightly into it'and into the india-rubber.

Having thus described myy invention, what I claim as new, 'and .desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

. The manufacture of air and water tight tubes or pipes by the processset forth.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification beforetwo subscribing Witnesses.

ALFRED JALOUREAU.

Vvvitnesses: A. ZARCHIER, GEO. HUTToN.

